Numismatist · Researcher · Collector
Ludhiana, Punjab · Collecting since 1980
With over four decades of experience in Indian numismatics, my work centres on the coinage of the Sikh Empire, Cis-Sutlej States, and the broader monetary systems of 18th–19th century Punjab.
Mint attribution, die studies, and weight standards across the Lahore, Amritsar, Peshawar, Kashmir, and provincial mints of the Sikh Empire (1799–1849).
Coinage of Patiala, Jind, Nabha, Kaithal, Malerkotla, and other principalities south of the Sutlej — an area of limited prior scholarship.
Tracing the earliest Sikh coins from the Misl confederacies (c. 1765–1799), including the foundational Gobindshahi series.
Silk Road monetary networks, weight-standard divergence between Amritsar (~11g) and Peshawar (~8.33g), and inter-regional commerce patterns.
I have published original research in the Journal of the Oriental Numismatic Society (JONS), the Numismatic Society of India, the Mumbai Coin Society, the Awadh Coin Society, etc. In 2022, I presented at the joint Royal Numismatic Society / NDMC Exhibition held in New Delhi.
Since 2003, I have maintained SikhCoins.in as a freely accessible reference resource for Sikh numismatics, with over 1,300 coin images and detailed scholarly commentary across 50+ curated pages.
The most comprehensive online reference for Sikh Empire and Cis-Sutlej coinage — research, images, and original scholarship.
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